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	<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Smooth_Particle_methods</id>
	<title>Smooth Particle methods - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Smooth_Particle_methods"/>
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	<updated>2026-04-29T04:37:05Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8200&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Dduque at 14:09, 13 May 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8200&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-05-13T14:09:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:09, 13 May 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &amp;quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&amp;quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;181&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 375–389 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &amp;quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&amp;quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;181&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 375–389 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Some works have been able to link this technique and [[dissipative particle dynamics|DPD]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Some works have been able to link this technique and [[dissipative particle dynamics|DPD]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, thus creating the &quot;SDPD method&quot;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026705 Pep Español and Mariano Revenga &quot;Smoothed dissipative particle dynamics&quot;, Physical Review E &#039;&#039;&#039;67&#039;&#039;&#039; p. 026705 (2003) ] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026705 Pep Español and Mariano Revenga &quot;Smoothed dissipative particle dynamics&quot;, Physical Review E &#039;&#039;&#039;67&#039;&#039;&#039; p. 026705 (2003) ] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. [[Voronoi particles| Other approach]] is to establish the volume of a particle as the volume of its [[Voronoi_cells| Voronoi_cell]]&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dduque</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8198&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Dduque: Added ref.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8198&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-05-13T14:01:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Added ref.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:01, 13 May 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &amp;quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&amp;quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;181&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 375–389 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &amp;quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&amp;quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;181&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 375–389 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Some works have been able to link this technique and [[dissipative particle dynamics|DPD]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Some works have been able to link this technique and [[dissipative particle dynamics|DPD]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026705 Pep Español and Mariano Revenga &quot;Smoothed dissipative particle dynamics&quot;, Physical Review E &#039;&#039;&#039;67&#039;&#039;&#039; p. 026705 (2003) ] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dduque</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8196&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Dduque: Link to DPD</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8196&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-05-13T13:59:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Link to DPD&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:59, 13 May 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l2&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;L. B. Lucy &amp;quot;A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis&amp;quot;, Astronomical Journal &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;82&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 1013-1024 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and by Gingold and Monaghan  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;L. B. Lucy &amp;quot;A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis&amp;quot;, Astronomical Journal &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;82&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 1013-1024 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and by Gingold and Monaghan  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &amp;quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&amp;quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;181&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 375–389 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &amp;quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&amp;quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;181&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 375–389 (1977)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Some works have been able to link this technique and [[dissipative particle dynamics|DPD]].&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dduque</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8185&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Nice and Tidy: Changed references to Cite format.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8185&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-05-13T12:50:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Changed references to Cite format.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:50, 13 May 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPAM) and &#039;&#039;&#039;Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPH) are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the [[continuity equation]], the [[equation of motion]], and the [[energy equation]]) with particles.  This approach was originated by independently by Lucy (&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ref. 1&lt;/del&gt;) and by Gingold and Monaghan (&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ref. 2&lt;/del&gt;) in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPAM) and &#039;&#039;&#039;Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPH) are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the [[continuity equation]], the [[equation of motion]], and the [[energy equation]]) with particles.  This approach was originated by independently by Lucy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;L. B. Lucy &quot;A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis&quot;, Astronomical Journal &#039;&#039;&#039;82&#039;&#039;&#039; pp. 1013-1024 &lt;/ins&gt;(&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1977&lt;/ins&gt;)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;and by Gingold and Monaghan  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &#039;&#039;&#039;181&#039;&#039;&#039; pp. 375–389 &lt;/ins&gt;(&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1977&lt;/ins&gt;)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;#L. B. Lucy &quot;A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis&quot;, Astronomical Journal &#039;&#039;&#039;82&#039;&#039;&#039; pp. 1013-1024 (1977)&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;#R. A. Gingold and J. J. Monaghan &quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;181&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;pp. 375–389 (1977)&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Related reading&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;#&lt;/del&gt;William Graham Hoover &quot;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics -The State of the Art&quot;, Advanced Series in Nonlinear Dynamics &#039;&#039;&#039;25&#039;&#039;&#039; World Scientific Publishing (2006) ISBN 978-981-270-002-5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/ins&gt;William Graham Hoover &quot;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics -The State of the Art&quot;, Advanced Series in Nonlinear Dynamics &#039;&#039;&#039;25&#039;&#039;&#039; World Scientific Publishing (2006) ISBN 978-981-270-002-5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category: Computer simulation techniques]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category: Computer simulation techniques]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Nice and Tidy</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8181&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Dduque: SPH means smoothED particle hydrodynamics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=8181&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-05-13T12:31:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;SPH means smoothED particle hydrodynamics&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:31, 13 May 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPAM) and &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Smooth &lt;/del&gt;Particle Hydrodynamics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPH) are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the [[continuity equation]], the [[equation of motion]], and the [[energy equation]]) with particles.  This approach was originated by independently by Lucy (Ref. 1) and by Gingold and Monaghan (Ref. 2) in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPAM) and &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Smoothed &lt;/ins&gt;Particle Hydrodynamics&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPH) are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the [[continuity equation]], the [[equation of motion]], and the [[energy equation]]) with particles.  This approach was originated by independently by Lucy (Ref. 1) and by Gingold and Monaghan (Ref. 2) in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like [[molecular dynamics]]) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from the microscopic to the astrophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#L. B. Lucy &amp;quot;A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis&amp;quot;, Astronomical Journal &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;82&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 1013-1024 (1977)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#L. B. Lucy &amp;quot;A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis&amp;quot;, Astronomical Journal &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;82&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pp. 1013-1024 (1977)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dduque</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=7672&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Nice and Tidy: Slight tidy.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=7672&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-02-01T15:08:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Slight tidy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 17:08, 1 February 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/del&gt;SPAM&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;] &lt;/del&gt;and Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[sph] &lt;/del&gt;are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the continuity equation, the equation of motion, and the energy equation) with particles.  This approach was originated by Lucy and Monaghan in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like molecular dynamics) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from microscopic to &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;astophysical&lt;/del&gt;, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(or research opportunities!) &lt;/del&gt;are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;For a recent text see Wm&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;G&lt;/del&gt;. Hoover&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;s &lt;/del&gt;&quot;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/del&gt;- The State of the Art&quot; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/del&gt;World Scientific&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, Singapore, &lt;/del&gt;2006)&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; (&lt;/ins&gt;SPAM&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;) &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; (SPH) &lt;/ins&gt;are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;continuity equation&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;, the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;equation of motion&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;, and the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;energy equation&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;) with particles.  This approach was originated &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;by independently &lt;/ins&gt;by Lucy &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(Ref. 1) and by Gingold &lt;/ins&gt;and Monaghan &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(Ref. 2) &lt;/ins&gt;in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;molecular dynamics&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the &lt;/ins&gt;microscopic to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the astrophysical&lt;/ins&gt;, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==References==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;#L. B. Lucy &quot;A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis&quot;&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Astronomical Journal &#039;&#039;&#039;82&#039;&#039;&#039; pp. 1013-1024 (1977)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;#R. A. Gingold and J. J&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Monaghan &quot;Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars&quot;, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society &#039;&#039;&#039;181&#039;&#039;&#039; pp&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;375–389 (1977)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;#William Graham &lt;/ins&gt;Hoover &quot;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics -The State of the Art&quot;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, Advanced Series in Nonlinear Dynamics &#039;&#039;&#039;25&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;/ins&gt;World Scientific &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Publishing (&lt;/ins&gt;2006) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ISBN 978-981-270-002-5&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category: Computer simulation techniques]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Nice and Tidy</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=7656&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>70.41.222.228 at 21:16, 31 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=7656&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-01-31T21:16:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 23:16, 31 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/del&gt;SPAM] and Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics [sph] are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the continuity equation, the equation of motion, and the energy equation) with particles.  This approach was originated by Lucy and Monaghan in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like molecular dynamics) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from microscopic to astophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages (or research opportunities!) are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension, For a recent text see Wm. G. Hoover&#039;s &quot;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics -- The State of the Art (World Scientific, Singapore, 2006).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/ins&gt;SPAM] and Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics [sph] are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the continuity equation, the equation of motion, and the energy equation) with particles.  This approach was originated by Lucy and Monaghan in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like molecular dynamics) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from microscopic to astophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages (or research opportunities!) are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension, For a recent text see Wm. G. Hoover&#039;s &quot;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics -- The State of the Art&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot; &lt;/ins&gt;(World Scientific, Singapore, 2006).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>70.41.222.228</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=7655&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>70.41.222.228: SPAM and sph are particle methods for solving the continuum motion and energy equations.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Smooth_Particle_methods&amp;diff=7655&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-01-31T21:15:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;SPAM and sph are particle methods for solving the continuum motion and energy equations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics {SPAM] and Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics [sph] are numerical methods for solving the equations of continuum mechanics (the continuity equation, the equation of motion, and the energy equation) with particles.  This approach was originated by Lucy and Monaghan in 1977 for astrophysical applications, and has since been applied to many challenging problems in fluid and solid mechanics.  The main advantage of smooth-particle methods is that the partial differential equations (continuity, motion, energy) are replaced by ordinary differential equations (like molecular dynamics) describing the motion of particles.  The particles can be of any size, from microscopic to astophysical, and can obey any chosen constitutive equation.  The main disadvantages (or research opportunities!) are the difficulties in treating sharp surfaces or interfaces with discrete particles and in avoiding the instabilities that can result for materials under tension, For a recent text see Wm. G. Hoover&amp;#039;s &amp;quot;Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics -- The State of the Art (World Scientific, Singapore, 2006).&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>70.41.222.228</name></author>
	</entry>
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