Surface tension

The surface tension $\gamma$ is a measure of the work required to build up a surface ....

Canonical Ensemble: Two phases;

Failed to parse (Conversion error. Server ("https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_") reported: "Cannot get mml. Server problem."): {\displaystyle \gamma ={\frac {\partial F(N,V,T,A)}{\partial A}}} ;

where

• $N$ is the number of particles
• Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle V } is the volume
• Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle T } is the temperature
• Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle {\mathcal A} } is the surface area

... preliminary version (sketchy) to be continued soon, as soon as I find a way to distinghuis A (Helmholtz) and A (surface area)

Computer Simulation

• Binder procedure

• Explicit interface