C60
C60, also known as Buckminsterfullerene is composed of carbon atoms.
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Models
Girifalco potential
The Girifalco intermolecular pair potential is given by [1] (Eq. 4):
![{\displaystyle \Phi (r)=-\alpha \left[{\frac {1}{s(s-1)^{3}}}+{\frac {1}{s(s+1)^{3}}}-{\frac {2}{s^{4}}}\right]+\beta \left[{\frac {1}{s(s-1)^{9}}}+{\frac {1}{s(s+1)^{9}}}-{\frac {2}{s^{10}}}\right]}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/283401221466ce68eda644a68cb8248aa26fbe70)
where
where is the number of atoms on each sphere, i.e. N=60.
Phase diagram
Liquid phase
Gel phase
Simulations of the Girifalco potential indicate a possible gel composed solely of C60 molecules [7]
References
- ↑ L. A. Girifalco "Molecular properties of fullerene in the gas and solid phases", Journal of Physical Chemistry 96 pp. 858-861 (1992)
- ↑ Ailan Cheng, Michael L. Klein and Carlo Caccamo "Prediction of the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review Letters 71 pp. 1200-1203 (1993)
- ↑ L. Mederos and G. Navascués "High-temperature phase diagram of the fullerene C60" Physical Review B 50 pp. 1301-1304 (1994)
- ↑ M. Hasegawa and K. Ohno "Monte Carlo simulation study of the high-temperature phase diagram of model C60 molecules", Journal of Chemical Physics 111 pp. 5955- (1999)
- ↑ Pedro Orea "Phase diagrams of model C60 and C70 fullerenes from short-range attractive potentials", Journal of Chemical Physics 130, 104703 (2009)
- ↑ M. H. J. Hagen, E. J. Meijer, G. C. A. M. Mooij, D. Frenkel and H. N. W. Lekkerkerker "Does C60 have a liquid phase?", Nature 365 pp. 425-426 (1993)
- ↑ C. Patrick Royall, and Stephen R. Williams "C60: the first one-component gel?", arXiv:1102.2959v1 (cond-mat.soft) 15 Feb 2011)
Related reading
- C. Caccamo "Modified-hypernetted-chain determination of the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review B 51 pp. 3387-3390 (1995)
- M. Hasegawa and K. Ohno "Density functional theory for the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review E 54 pp. 3928-3932 (1996)
- C. Caccamo, D. Costa, and A. Fucile "A Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo study of phase coexistence in model C60", Journal of Chemical Physics 106 pp. 255- (1997)
- M. Bahaa Khedr, S. M. Osman and M.S. Al Busaidi "Surface tension, shear viscosity and isothermal compressibility of liquid C60 along the liquid-vapour coexistence", Molecular Physics 107 pp. 1355-1366 (2009)